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[llachica014]

1. Explain the operation of a basic d.c. generator?

2. List the types of direct current generator

3. List the types of direct current motors.

 

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1. A basic DC generator operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It consists of a magnetic field created by a stationary field winding, and an armature with a rotating winding. As the armature rotates, the magnetic field cuts across the conductors, inducing an electromotive force (EMF) in the winding. The direction of the current produced depends on the direction of rotation and the orientation of the field and armature windings. The commutator on the armature ensures that the current flows in one direction through the external circuit.

2. The types of direct current generator include:

• Separately excited generator: The field winding is supplied with a separate source of DC power.
• Self-excited generator: The field winding is connected to the armature winding through a commutating device, which can be a separate winding, a shunt, a series, or a compound winding.
• Permanent magnet generator: The magnetic field is created by a permanent magnet instead of a field winding.

3. The types of direct current motor include:

• Series motor: The field winding is connected in series with the armature winding. The motor has high starting torque and speed, and variable speed control.
• Shunt motor: The field winding is connected in parallel with the armature winding. The motor has constant speed and good speed regulation.
• Compound motor: The motor has both series and shunt windings, providing a combination of high starting torque and constant speed.
• Permanent magnet motor: The magnetic field is created by a permanent magnet instead of a field winding. The motor has high efficiency and good speed regulation.