1. The six rights of drug safety are:
a) Right patient: Ensuring that the medication is intended for the correct patient, by confirming their identity using multiple identifiers (such as name, date of birth, or unique identifiers) before administering the drug.
b) Right medication: Verifying that the prescribed medication matches the medication to be administered, by checking the order, label, and medication packaging.
c) Right dose: Administering the correct amount of medication as prescribed by the healthcare provider, taking into account factors such as the patient's age, weight, and condition.
d) Right route: Administering the medication through the appropriate route, such as oral, intravenous, or topical, as prescribed by the healthcare provider.
e) Right time: Administering the medication at the prescribed time, following the designated frequency and schedule.
f) Right documentation: Accurately documenting the administration of the medication, including the date, time, dose, route, and any observed effects or reactions.
2. Vasodilator drugs are medications that cause relaxation and widening of blood vessels, leading to an increase in blood flow and a reduction in blood pressure. These drugs are used to treat conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and angina.
On the other hand, vasoconstrictor drugs are medications that cause constriction or narrowing of blood vessels, which leads to a decrease in blood flow and an increase in blood pressure. These drugs are useful in situations where increased blood pressure or reduced blood flow is desired, such as during certain surgical procedures or to reduce bleeding.
3. The therapeutic effect of analgesic drugs is pain relief. They are medications used to alleviate or reduce pain, ranging from mild to severe. Analgesics work by targeting pain receptors in the body to reduce or block the perception of pain, without affecting consciousness.
4. An antihistamine drug is a medication that blocks or reduces the effects of histamine, which is a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction. Antihistamines are commonly used to treat symptoms of allergies, such as itching, sneezing, runny nose, and hives.
5. Antiarrhythmics are medications used to treat or prevent abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias). They work by regulating the electrical signals in the heart, restoring normal rhythm, and preventing potentially dangerous fast or irregular heartbeats.
6. Diuretic drugs, also known as water *****, are medications that promote the increased production of urine, leading to the removal of excess fluid and salt from the body. They are commonly used to treat conditions like hypertension, edema (fluid retention), and certain kidney disorders.
7. Antiemetic drugs are used to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting. They are commonly prescribed for patients undergoing chemotherapy, those experiencing motion sickness, or individuals with gastrointestinal disorders.
8. Bronchodilators are medications used to relax and widen the airways in the lungs, making it easier to breathe. They are commonly prescribed to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchitis.
9. Sedative drugs are medications that induce relaxation, calmness, and drowsiness. They are often used to promote sleep, reduce anxiety, and provide relief from agitation or restlessness.
10. Anticoagulant drugs, also known as blood thinners, are medications used to prevent or treat blood clots. They work by inhibiting the clotting process, reducing the ability of the blood to clot. Anticoagulants are prescribed for conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, atrial fibrillation, and after certain surgeries to prevent clot formation.
