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Miranda v. Arizona is a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that has had a profound impact on the criminal justice system in the United States. Decided in 1966, this case addressed the issue of self-incrimination and the rights of individuals when being interrogated by law enforcement.

The case involved Ernesto Miranda, who was arrested and subsequently confessed to a crime during police interrogation. However, Miranda was not informed of his right to remain silent or his right to have an attorney present during questioning. Miranda's confession was used against him at trial, and he was convicted based on that evidence.

The Supreme Court's ruling in Miranda v. Arizona established what is now known as the Miranda rights. The Court held that before a custodial interrogation, suspects must be informed of their rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to have an attorney present. Failure to inform suspects of these rights could result in any subsequent confession being inadmissible in court.

This decision was a significant step in safeguarding the Fifth Amendment rights of individuals against self-incrimination. It recognized the inherent power imbalance between law enforcement and suspects during interrogations and sought to protect individuals from being coerced into providing incriminating statements.

Miranda v. Arizona has been instrumental in shaping the criminal justice system's approach to interrogations, ensuring fairness and protecting the constitutional rights of individuals. It has become a staple of American popular culture, with the familiar phrase "You have the right to remain silent" being instantly recognizable.

While the Miranda decision has received some criticism over the years, particularly regarding the practical difficulties in its implementation, its fundamental principles remain essential in protecting the rights of individuals during police interrogations. It serves as a constant reminder that every person, regardless of their circumstances, is entitled to the full protection of their constitutional rights.
 

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