Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the science of deductively valid inferences or of logical truths. It is a formal science investigating how conclusions follow from premises in a topic-neutral way. When used as a countable noun, the term "a logic" refers to a logical formal system that articulates a proof system. Formal logic contrasts with informal logic, which is associated with informal fallacies, critical thinking, and argumentation theory. While there is no general agreement on how formal and informal logic are to be distinguished, one prominent approach associates their difference with whether the studied arguments are expressed in formal or informal languages. Logic plays a central role in multiple fields, such as philosophy, mathematics, computer science, and linguistics.
Logic studies arguments, which consist of a set of premises together with a conclusion. Premises and conclusions are usually understood either as sentences or as propositions and are characterized by their internal structure; complex propositions are made up of simpler propositions linked to each other by propositional connectives like
∧
{\displaystyle \land }
(and) or
→
{\displaystyle \to }
(if...then). The truth of a proposition usually depends on the denotations of its constituents. Logically true propositions constitute a special case since their truth depends only on the logical vocabulary used in them and not on the denotations of other terms.
Arguments can be either correct or incorrect. An argument is correct if its premises support its conclusion. The strongest form of support is found in deductive arguments: it is impossible for their premises to be true and their conclusion to be false. Deductive arguments contrast with ampliative arguments, which may arrive in their conclusion at new information that is not present in the premises. However, it is possible for all their premises to be true while their conclusion is still false. Many arguments found in everyday discourse and the sciences are ampliative arguments, sometimes divided into inductive and abductive arguments. Inductive arguments usually take the form of statistical generalizations while abductive arguments are inferences to the best explanation. Arguments that fall short of the standards of correct reasoning are called fallacies.
Systems of logic are theoretical frameworks for assessing the correctness of reasoning and arguments. Logic has been studied since Antiquity; early approaches include Aristotelian logic, Stoic logic, Anviksiki, and the mohists. Modern formal logic has its roots in the work of late 19th-century mathematicians such as Gottlob Frege. While Aristotelian logic focuses on reasoning in the form of syllogisms, in the modern era its traditional dominance was replaced by classical logic, a set of fundamental logical intuitions shared by most logicians. It consists of propositional logic, which only considers the logical relations on the level of propositions, and first-order logic, which also articulates the internal structure of propositions using various linguistic devices, such as predicates and quantifiers. Extended logics accept the basic intuitions behind classical logic and extend it to other fields, such as metaphysics, ethics, and epistemology. Deviant logics, on the other hand, reject certain classical intuitions and provide alternative accounts of the fundamental laws of logic.
Level 61: King ang gumagapang sa aso ay garapata, sa buhok naman ay kuto, ano naman ang sa kabayo?
Answer: Plantsa
Level 62: 7 parte ng katawan na nagsisimula sa letter P.
Answer: *****
Level 63: Ano ang hindi kikain s balot maliban sa balat?
Answer: Sabaw
Level 64: Hindi totoong anak ko si...
Level 41: Ano bah! Bakit ba ako na lang palagi pinag-iinitan n’yo?
Answer: Takure
Level 42: Taong mahilig magmagic Magickero. Taong nambabasura: Basurero, Taong palagi nasa gimik: Gimikero, Taong palagi nasa kanto.
Answer: Tambay
Level 43: Kapag mayaman: Pneumonia, Kapag mahirap:
Answer: TB...
kung bawal pakidelete nalang po.
salamat..
muah
one of my favorite anime.
na natakot at na excite ako!
hehehe
http://animeaddictedtoyou.blogspot.in/p/anime-an0ther.html
Collection of Women’s Logic that Makes No Sense
Women are women, they are insane, they have numbers of logic that men will never understand. For men, these logic are totally no sense at all. Until now the precise origins of women’s logic are still unknown.
But admit it or not, women make the...
Pakisagot na rin ang mga tanong sa baba.
Kung lima ang sagot niyo, alin sa apat na pakwan sa gitna ung hinati niyo at bakit?
A. Top and bottom
B. Left and right
C. Top and left
D. Top and right
E. Bottom and left
F. Bottom and right.
Bakit niyo hinati?
Dapat bang hatiin?
My tatlong magbabarkadang unggoy kumain sa isang 5 star na hotel.. ^^
Matapos silang kumain
Bill: P3000
Napagkasundoan ng tatlong unggoy na hahatiin nila sa 3 ang bill so 1k kay unggoy1 1k kay unggoy2 at 1k din kay unggoy3
Matapos silang magbayd napansin ng myari ang 3 na kaibigan niya pala...
Hangaroo
kung hindi nag run.try nyo right click game icon properties then click compability.tick "run this program in compability mode for" (windows XP service pack 3)
then tick."run this program as an administrator" then click apply and ok.try to run again the game and thats...
mga ka-PH pakianswer na lang po ang logic na ito.
May bahay. Tapos sa loob ng bahay walang kahit ano tanging lubid lang na nakabigticsa lalaki ang naroon at siyempre yung lalaking nagbigti basang basa ang paligid niya.
Tanong:Saan siya tumungtong bago nagbigti? hahahaha. like ko may...
Aako po ay simple lang peo rokk hahaha marami po akong maiishare about sa network at alm ko rin po na marami din po akong matutunan sa form nyo hindi po ako madamot na tao share share lang po yann hahahaha :D maganda buhay
Which creature walks on four legs in the morning, two legs in the afternoon, and three legs in the evening?
---------------------------------
answer is in the Attachment :D:D:D
Who makes it, has no need of it.
Who buys it, has no use for it.
Who uses it can neither see nor feel it.
What is it?
---------------------
answer is in the attachment
What is greater than God,
more evil than the devil,
the poor have it,
the rich need it,
and if you eat it, you'll die?
---------------------------------
yung answer nsa attachment, tingnan moh kung tama sagot moh., :D:D:D
What is greater than God,
more evil than the devil,
the poor have it,
the rich need it,
and if you eat it, you'll die?
---------------------------------
yung answer nsa attachment, tingnan moh kung tama sagot moh., :D:D:D
May lalaking natagpuang patay isang umaga sa kanyang sala
Sya'y naka upo sa couch at may hawak na pistol
sa kanyang kanang kamay.
merong butas sa kanyang kaliwang ****** na tama ng bala
na umbot sa couch hanggang dingding sa likod nya
sa insident inispect ni Detective Romeo ang pangyayari
at...
nagutang ka sa nanay mo ng 50pesos at nangutang ka din sa tatay mo ng 50pesos
edi may 100 pesos kana
tapos bumili ka ng halagang 97 pesos na item na gusto mo
edi may sukli ka pang 3
binalik mo yung piso sa nanay mo at piso din sa tatay mo
may natira pa sayo piso
ang utang mo na lang ay 49 sa...