Free public transport, often called fare-free public transit or zero-fare public transport, refers to public transport funded in full by means other than by collecting fares from passengers. It may be funded by national, regional or local government through taxation, or by commercial sponsorship by businesses. Alternatively, the concept of "free-ness" may take other forms, such as no-fare access via a card which may or may not be ρáíd for in its entirety by the user.
On 29 February 2020, Luxembourg became the first country in the world to make all public transport in the country (buses, trams, and trains) free to use. On 1 October 2022, Malta became the second country in the world to make its public transport system free for all residents. Germany is considering making their public transit system fare-free in response to the EU's threatening to fine them for their air pollution levels.As some transit lines intended to operate with fares initially start service, they may elect to not collect fares for an introductory period to create interest or test operations.